Metabolite Profiling of Persimmon Vinegar Residue Extract (Diospyros Kaki) Using Uplc-Ms Method
Abstract
Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) is known as a plant with potential use as an herbal remedy to help address various health problems and as a natural source of antioxidants. In the process of producing vinegar, persimmon residue is generally discarded as waste, even though it still contains various valuable metabolite compounds. Therefore, metabolite profiling analysis is needed to identify the chemical components present in the vinegar residue of D. kaki. This study aims to determine the metabolite profile of the 96% ethanol extract of Diospyros kaki (L.) vinegar residue using UPLC-QToF-MS/MS. The thick extract was prepared using 96% ethanol at a ratio of 1:10 (w/v) through the Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) method. The extract was then prepared using methanol and DCM before 5 µL was injected into the UPLC-QToF-MS/MS for analysis with the MassLynx 4.1 and ChemSpider software. The analysis showed that the vinegar residue of Diospyros kaki (L.) contains 25 metabolite compounds. The three major compounds detected were Harmane (12.83%), 9-Methylbistetrazolo[1,5-a:5′,1′-c]quinoxaline (8.60%), and Andrographolide (6.28%).
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Bianchini, S., Bovio, F., Negri, S., Bisson, L., Piccinelli, A. L., Rastrelli, L., Forcella, M. and Fusi, P. (2024) “Methanolic Extract of the Nutritional Plant (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) Exhibits Anticancer Activity by Inducing Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Colorectal Cancer Cells,” Nutrients, 16, 3742.
Dalimunthe, N. A. (2021) “Uji Kualitatif Analisis Kandungan Metamfetamin Dari Rambut Pengguna Sabu-Sabu Menggunakan Metode Kolom Ekstraksi,” J. Kim. Saintek Dan Pendidik., 5, pp. 16–22.
Depkes. (2011) “Integrasi Pengobatan Tradisional Dalam Sistem Kesehatan Nasional.” Retrieved from Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia: www.depkes.go.id, November 02.
Faradilla, M., Fidrianny, I. and Iwo, M. I. (2024) “Antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities of ethanol extracts from Syzygium cumini L. Skeels and Pogostemon cablin Benth,” Narra J, 4, e918.
Farag, M. A., Rasheed, D. M., Kropf, M. and Heiss, A. G. (2016) “Metabolite profiling in Trigonella seeds via UPLC-MS and GC-MS analyzed using multivariate data analyses,” Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 408, pp. 8065–8078. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9910-4.
Fiehn, O., Kopka, J., Dörmann, P., Altmann, T., Trethewey, R. N. and Willmitzer, L. (2000) “Metabolite profiling for plant functional genomics,” Nature biotechnology, 18(11), pp. 1157-1161.
Firdausia, R. S., Pratama, N. P., Kurniawati, E., Ervany, I., Wibisono, D. I., Rikhaturhohmah, R. and Ardianto, L. S. (2025) “Optimasi Waktu Ekstraksi Dengan Metode Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE) Terhadap Kandungan Senyawa Flavonoid dan Fenolik Daun Kayu Bulan (Pisonia alba Span.),” J. Mandala Pharmacon Indones., 11, pp. 274–280.
Hakim, A., Muti’ah, R., Aprinda, R., Suryadinata, A. and Nasikhatul, F. (2018) “Metabolite Profiling Bagian Akar, Batang, Daun, Dan Biji Helianthus annuus L. Menggunakan UPLC-MS,” Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana, 2(2), pp. 64-81.
Handoyo, D. L. Y. and Pranoto, M. E. (2020) “Pengaruh variasi suhu pengeringan terhadap pembuatan simplisia daun mimba (Azadirachta Indica),” J. Farm. Tinctura, 1, pp. 45–54.
Kemenkes. (2017) Farmakope Herbal Indonesia Edisi II. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI.
Khansa, N. M., Pujiati, P., Bhagawan, W. S. and Primiani, C. N. (2023) “Profil fitokimia daun genitri (Elaeocarpus ganitrus) pada daerah Gunungpati Semarang dengan metode UPLC-MS,” in: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Program Studi Farmasi UNIPMA (SNAPFARMA). pp. 192–196.
Kindangen, O. C., Yamlean, P. V. Y. and Wewengkang, D. S. (2018) “Formulasi gel antijerawat ekstrak etanol daun kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L.) dan uji aktivitasnya terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus secara in vitro,” Pharmacon, 7.
Lei, M., Wang, L., Olatunde, O. O., Singh, S., Ovatlarnporn, C., Basit, A. and Olatunji, O. J. (2023) “UPLC–ESI–QTOF–MS profiling, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative activities and in silico molecular docking analysis of Barleria strigosa,” Chem. Biol. Technol. Agric., 10, 73. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40538-023-00451-2.
Lestari, P. E. D., Jannah, A. K. R., Fitri, M. N. and Azharani, N. A. (2024) “Analisis Perbandingan HPLC dan Teknik Lain untuk Deteksi Antibiotik,” Termometer J. Ilm. Ilmu Kesehat. Dan Kedokt., 2, pp. 01–11.
Mokhtar, S. U., Kulsing, C., Althakafy, J. T., Kotsos, A., Drummer, O. H., Marriott, P. J. (2020) "Simultaneous analysis of drugs in forensic cases by liquid chromatography–high-resolution orbitrap mass spectrometry." Chromatographia, 83, pp. 53-64.
Muiz, H. A., Wulandari, S. and Primadiamanti, A. (2021) “Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun patikan kebo (Euphorbia hirta L) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dengan metode difusi cakram,” J. Anal. Farm., 6, pp. 84–89.
Nikam, T. D., Nitnaware, K. M., Mali, A. A., and Ahire, M. L. (2025). "An Update to Alkaloids Derived from Tryptophan: Harmine and Relative Alkaloids." Natural Products: Phytochemistry, Botany, Metabolism of Alkaloids, Phenolics and Terpenes, pp. 1-33.
Patil, R., and Jain, V. (2021). “Andrographolide: A Review of Analytical Methods.” J Chromatogr Sci, 59(2), pp. 191-203.
Pratama, R. R., Septianto, A., Al-Hasyimi, S. M., Herliana, H., Hasniah, H. and Muslikh, F. A. (2024a) “Ekplorasi Senyawa Ekstrak Etanol Rumput Belulang (Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn) Menggunakan LC-MS/MS-QTOF Serta Uji Aktivitas Anti-Diare: In-Vivo,” Biosci. J. Ilm. Biol., 12, pp. 2518–2530.
Susiloningrum, D. and Sari, D. E. M. (2023) “Optimasi Suhu Uae (Ultrasonik Asssisted Extraction) Terhadap Nilai Sun Protection Factor (Spf) Ekstrak Rimpang Bangle (Zingiber Purpureum Roxb) Sebagai Kandidat Bahan Aktif Tabir Surya,” Cendekia J. Pharm., 7, pp. 58–66.
Tarigan, E. B. (2017) “Beberapa komponen fisikokimia kakao fermentasi dan non fermentasi,” J. Agroindustri Halal, 3, pp. 048–062.
Wardaniati, I. and Gusmawarni, V. (2021) “Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol propolis terhadap Streptococcus mutans,” J. Farm. Higea, 13, pp. 115–123.
Zhang, Z., Bo, T., Bai, Y., Ye, M., An, R., Cheng, F. and Liu, H. (2015) “Quadrupole time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry as a Powerful Tool for Demystifying Traditional Chinese medicine,” TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 72, pp. 169-180.
Published
2026-08-08
How to Cite
MUTIAH, Roihatul et al.
Metabolite Profiling of Persimmon Vinegar Residue Extract (Diospyros Kaki) Using Uplc-Ms Method.
Proceedings of International Pharmacy Ulul Albab Conference and Seminar (PLANAR), [S.l.], v. 5, p. 86-95, aug. 2026.
ISSN 2827-7848.
Available at: <https://conferences.uin-malang.ac.id/index.php/planar/article/view/3868>. Date accessed: 31 aug. 2026.
doi: https://doi.org/10.18860/planar.v5i0.3868.
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